C++ Tutorial/Data Types/char
Содержание
char and unsigned char
<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream.h> int main(){
int n1 = 100,n2;
short int s1 = 2,s2;
char c1 = "A",c2;
unsigned char u1 = "U",u2;
n2 = s1;
s2 = n1 + c1;
c2 = u1;
u2 = n1;
cout << n1 << " " << n2 ;
cout << s1 << " " << s2 ;
cout << c1 << " " << c2 ;
cout << (int)c1 << " " << int(c2);
cout << u1 << " " ;
cout << (int)u1 << " " << (int)u2;
return 0;
}</source>
100 22 165A U65 85U 85 100"
DO while loop: use char type variable to control
<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream> using namespace std;
int main(){
long dividend, divisor;
char ch;
do{
cout << "Enter dividend: "; cin >> dividend;
cout << "Enter divisor: "; cin >> divisor;
cout << "Quotient is " << dividend / divisor;
cout << ", remainder is " << dividend % divisor;
cout << "\nDo another? (y/n): "; //do it again?
cin >> ch;
}while( ch != "n" );
return 0;
}</source>
Using a nested if with char type
<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream> using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl; int main() {
char letter = "S";
if(letter >= "A") {
if(letter <= "Z") {
cout << "You entered an uppercase letter."
<< endl;
return 0;
}
}
if(letter >= "a")
if(letter <= "z") {
cout << "You entered a lowercase letter."
<< endl ;
return 0;
}
return 0;
}</source>
You entered an uppercase letter.
Write Charset To File
<source lang="cpp">/* The following code example is taken from the book
* "The C++ Standard Library - A Tutorial and Reference" * by Nicolai M. Josuttis, Addison-Wesley, 1999 * * (C) Copyright Nicolai M. Josuttis 1999. * Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this software * is granted provided this copyright notice appears in all copies. * This software is provided "as is" without express or implied * warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose. */
- include <string> // for strings
- include <iostream> // for I/O
- include <fstream> // for file I/O
- include <iomanip> // for setw()
- include <cstdlib> // for exit()
using namespace std; // forward declarations void writeCharsetToFile (const string& filename); void outputFile (const string& filename); int main () {
writeCharsetToFile("charset.out");
outputFile("charset.out");
} void writeCharsetToFile (const string& filename) {
// open output file
ofstream file(filename.c_str());
// file opened?
if (! file) {
// NO, abort program
cerr << "can"t open output file \"" << filename << "\""
<< endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// write character set
for (int i=32; i<256; i++) {
file << "value: " << setw(3) << i << " "
<< "char: " << static_cast<char>(i) << endl;
}
} // closes file automatically void outputFile (const string& filename) {
// open input file
ifstream file(filename.c_str());
// file opened?
if (! file) {
// NO, abort program
cerr << "can"t open input file \"" << filename << "\""
<< endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// copy file contents to cout
char c;
while (file.get(c)) {
cout.put(c);
}
} // closes file automatically</source>
value: 32 char:
value: 33 char: !
value: 34 char: "
value: 35 char: #
value: 36 char: $
value: 37 char: %
value: 38 char: &
value: 39 char: "
value: 40 char: (
value: 41 char: )
value: 42 char: *
value: 43 char: +
value: 44 char: ,
value: 45 char: -
value: 46 char: .
value: 47 char: /
value: 48 char: 0
value: 49 char: 1
value: 50 char: 2
value: 51 char: 3
value: 52 char: 4
value: 53 char: 5
value: 54 char: 6
value: 55 char: 7
value: 56 char: 8
value: 57 char: 9
value: 58 char: :
value: 59 char: ;
value: 60 char: <
value: 61 char: =
value: 62 char: >
value: 63 char: ?
value: 64 char: @
value: 65 char: A
value: 66 char: B
value: 67 char: C
value: 68 char: D
value: 69 char: E
value: 70 char: F
value: 71 char: G
value: 72 char: H
value: 73 char: I
value: 74 char: J
value: 75 char: K
value: 76 char: L
value: 77 char: M
value: 78 char: N
value: 79 char: O
value: 80 char: P
value: 81 char: Q
value: 82 char: R
value: 83 char: S
value: 84 char: T
value: 85 char: U
value: 86 char: V
value: 87 char: W
value: 88 char: X
value: 89 char: Y
value: 90 char: Z
value: 91 char: [
value: 92 char: \
value: 93 char: ]
value: 94 char: ^
value: 95 char: _
value: 96 char: "
value: 97 char: a
value: 98 char: b
value: 99 char: c
value: 100 char: d
value: 101 char: e
value: 102 char: f
value: 103 char: g
value: 104 char: h
value: 105 char: i
value: 106 char: j
value: 107 char: k
value: 108 char: l
value: 109 char: m
value: 110 char: n
value: 111 char: o
value: 112 char: p
value: 113 char: q
value: 114 char: r
value: 115 char: s
value: 116 char: t
value: 117 char: u
value: 118 char: v
value: 119 char: w
value: 120 char: x
value: 121 char: y
value: 122 char: z
value: 123 char: {
value: 124 char: |
value: 125 char: }
value: 126 char: ~
value: 127 char: ?
value: 128 char: �
value: 129 char:
value: 130 char:
value: 131 char:
value: 132 char:
value: 133 char:
value: 134 char:
value: 135 char:
value: 136 char:
value: 137 char:
value: 138 char:
value: 139 char:
value: 140 char:
value: 141 char:
value: 142 char:
value: 143 char:
value: 144 char:
value: 145 char:
value: 146 char:
value: 147 char:
value: 148 char:
value: 149 char:
value: 150 char:
value: 151 char:
value: 152 char:
value: 153 char:
value: 154 char:
value: 155 char:
value: 156 char:
value: 157 char:
value: 158 char:
value: 159 char:
value: 160 char:
value: 161 char:
value: 162 char:
value: 163 char:
value: 164 char:
value: 165 char:
value: 166 char:
value: 167 char:
value: 168 char:
value: 169 char:
value: 170 char:
value: 171 char:
value: 172 char:
value: 173 char:
value: 174 char:
value: 175 char:
value: 176 char:
value: 177 char:
value: 178 char:
value: 179 char:
value: 180 char:
value: 181 char:
value: 182 char:
value: 183 char:
value: 184 char:
value: 185 char:
value: 186 char:
value: 187 char:
value: 188 char:
value: 189 char:
value: 190 char:
value: 191 char:
value: 192 char:
value: 193 char:
value: 194 char:
value: 195 char:
value: 196 char:
value: 197 char:
value: 198 char:
value: 199 char:
value: 200 char:
value: 201 char:
value: 202 char:
value: 203 char:
value: 204 char:
value: 205 char:
value: 206 char:
value: 207 char:
value: 208 char:
value: 209 char:
value: 210 char:
value: 211 char:
value: 212 char:
value: 213 char:
value: 214 char:
value: 215 char:
value: 216 char:
value: 217 char:
value: 218 char:
value: 219 char:
value: 220 char:
value: 221 char:
value: 222 char:
value: 223 char:
value: 224 char:
value: 225 char:
value: 226 char:
value: 227 char:
value: 228 char:
value: 229 char:
value: 230 char:
value: 231 char:
value: 232 char:
value: 233 char:
value: 234 char:
value: 235 char:
value: 236 char:
value: 237 char:
value: 238 char:
value: 239 char:
value: 240 char:
value: 241 char:
value: 242 char:
value: 243 char:
value: 244 char:
value: 245 char:
value: 246 char:
value: 247 char:
value: 248 char:
value: 249 char:
value: 250 char:
value: 251 char:
value: 252 char:
value: 253 char:
value: 254 char:
value: 255 char: �
