C++ Tutorial/STL Introduction/container as parameter

Function with stack as parameter

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl;

1. include <stack> // stack adapter definition
2. include <vector> // vector class-template definition
3. include <list> // list class-template definition

template< typename T > void pushElements( T &stackRef ); template< typename T > void popElements( T &stackRef ); int main() {

  std::stack< int > intDequeStack;
  cout << "Pushing onto intDequeStack: ";
  pushElements( intDequeStack );
  cout << endl << endl;
  cout << "Popping from intDequeStack: ";
  popElements( intDequeStack );
  cout << endl;
  return 0;

} template< typename T > void pushElements( T &stackRef ) {

  for ( int i = 0; i < 10; i++ )
  {
     stackRef.push( i );
     cout << stackRef.top() << " ";
  }

} template< typename T > void popElements( T &stackRef ) {

  while ( !stackRef.empty() )
  {
     cout << stackRef.top() << " ";
     stackRef.pop();
  }

}</source>

Pushing onto intDequeStack: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Popping from intDequeStack: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Function with vector as the parameter

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl;

1. include <vector>

using std::vector; template < typename T > void printVector( const vector< T > &integers2 ); int main() {

  int array[ 6 ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }; // initialize array
  vector< int > integers; // create vector of ints
  integers.push_back( 2 );
  integers.push_back( 3 );
  integers.push_back( 4 );
  printVector( integers );
  cout << endl;
  return 0;

} template < typename T > void printVector( const vector< T > &integers2 ){

  typename vector< T >::const_iterator constIterator;
  for ( constIterator = integers2.begin();
     constIterator != integers2.end(); ++constIterator )
     cout << *constIterator << " ";

}</source>

2 3 4

Use list as the function parameter

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl;

1. include <list> // list class-template definition
2. include <algorithm> // copy algorithm
3. include <iterator> // ostream_iterator

template < typename T > void printList( const std::list< T > &listRef ); int main() {

  int array[ 4 ] = { 2, 6, 4, 8 };
  std::list< int > values;      // create list of ints
  std::list< int > otherValues; // create list of ints
  // insert items in values
  values.push_front( 1 );
  values.push_front( 2 );
  values.push_back( 4 );
  values.push_back( 3 );
  cout << "values contains: ";
  printList( values );
  cout << endl;
  return 0;

} template < typename T > void printList( const std::list< T > &listRef ) {

   std::ostream_iterator< T > output( cout, " " );
   std::copy( listRef.begin(), listRef.end(), output );

}</source>

values contains: 2 1 4 3

Using template functions to output array of different types

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; template< typename T > void printArray( const T *array, int count ) {

  for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ )
     cout << array[ i ] << " ";
  cout << endl;

} int main() {

  const int aCount = 5; 
  const int bCount = 7; 
  const int cCount = 6; 
  int a[ aCount ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
  double b[ bCount ] = { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5, 6.6, 7.7 };
  char c[ cCount ] = "HELLO";
  printArray( a, aCount );  
  printArray( b, bCount );  
  printArray( c, cCount );  
  return 0;

}</source>

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1.1 2.2 3.3 4.4 5.5 6.6 7.7
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