в 14:21, 25 мая 2010

2010-05-25T14:21:17Z

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2010-05-25T10:29:20Z

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==Accessing members of objects on the heap==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>

class MyClass
{
public:
MyClass() {
itsAge = 2;
}
~MyClass() {}
int GetAge() const {
return itsAge;
}
void SetAge(int age) {
itsAge = age;
}
private:
int itsAge;
};

int main()
{
MyClass * myObject = new MyClass;
std::cout << "myObject is " << myObject->GetAge() << " years old\n";

myObject->SetAge(5);
std::cout << "myObject is " << myObject->GetAge() << " years old\n";

delete myObject;
return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>myObject is 2 years old
myObject is 5 years old</pre>

==Assign class object==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
class Box {
public:
double length;
double width;
double height;
double volume() {
return length * width * height;
}
};
int main() {
Box firstBox = { 80.0, 50.0, 40.0 };
Box secondBox = firstBox;
secondBox.length *= 1.1;
secondBox.width *= 1.1;
secondBox.height *= 1.1;
cout << secondBox.length
<< secondBox.width
<< secondBox.height
<< endl;

cout << "Volume of second Box object is " << secondBox.volume()
<< endl;

return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>885544
Volume of second Box object is 212960</pre>

==Automatically converted into MyClass(4): MyClass ob = 4;==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyClass {
int a;
public:
MyClass(int x) { a = x; }
int geta() { return a; }
};
int main()
{
MyClass ob = 4; // automatically converted into MyClass(4)
cout << ob.geta();
return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>4</pre>

==Call class constructor without new operator==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
class Box {
public:
double length;
double width;
double height;
// Constructor
Box(double lengthValue, double widthValue, double heightValue) {
cout << "Box constructor called" << endl;
length = lengthValue;
width = widthValue;
height = heightValue;
}
double volume() {
return length * width * height;
}
};
int main() {
Box firstBox(80.0, 50.0, 40.0);
cout << "Size of first Box object is "
<< firstBox.length << " by "
<< firstBox.width << " by "
<< firstBox.height << "\n "
<< "Volume of first Box object is " << firstBox.volume()
<< endl;
return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>Box constructor called
Size of first Box object is 80 by 50 by 40
Volume of first Box object is 160000</pre>

==Creates two objects.==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class ThreeDimension {
public:
int X;
int Y;
int Z;
};

int main() {
ThreeDimension aDimension;
ThreeDimension bDimension;

int range1, range2;

aDimension.X = 7;
aDimension.Y = 16;
aDimension.Z = 21;

bDimension.X = 2;
bDimension.Y = 14;
bDimension.Z = 12;
range1 = aDimension.Y * aDimension.Z;
range2 = bDimension.Y * bDimension.Z;

cout << range1 << "\n";

cout << range2;

return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>336
168</pre>

==Creating objects on the heap using new==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
class MyClass
{
public:
MyClass();
~MyClass();
private:
int itsAge;
};
MyClass::MyClass()
{
std::cout << "Constructor called.\n";
itsAge = 1;
}
MyClass::~MyClass()
{
std::cout << "Destructor called.\n";
}
int main()
{
std::cout << "MyClass ...\n";
MyClass Frisky;
std::cout << "MyClass *pRags = new MyClass...\n";
MyClass * pRags = new MyClass;
std::cout << "delete pRags...\n";
delete pRags;
std::cout << "Exiting, watch go...\n";
return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>MyClass ...
Constructor called.
MyClass *pRags = new MyClass...
Constructor called.
delete pRags...
Destructor called.
Exiting, watch go...
Destructor called.</pre>

==MyClass ob(4)==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyClass {
int a;
public:
MyClass(int x) { a = x; }
int geta() { return a; }
};
int main()
{
MyClass ob(4);
cout << ob.geta();
return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>4</pre>

==MyClass ob = MyClass(4);==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyClass {
int a;
public:
MyClass(int x) { a = x; }
int geta() { return a; }
};
int main()
{
MyClass ob = MyClass(4);
cout << ob.geta();
return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>4</pre>

==Object assignment==

<source lang="cpp">#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class MyClass {
int a, b;
public:
void setAB(int i, int j) { a = i, b = j; }
void display() {
cout << "\n a is " << a << "\n";
cout << "\n b is " << b << "\n";
}
};

int main()
{
MyClass ob1, ob2;

ob1.setAB(10, 20);
ob2.setAB(0, 0);
cout << "ob1 before assignment:";
ob1.display();
cout << "ob2 before assignment:";
ob2.display();

ob2 = ob1; // assign ob1 to ob2

cout << "ob1 after assignment:";
ob1.display();
cout << "ob2 after assignment:";
ob2.display();

ob1.setAB(-1, -1); // change ob1

cout << "ob1 after changing ob1:";
ob1.display();
cout << "ob2 after changing ob1:";
ob2.display();

return 0;
}</source>
<pre class=codeResult>ob1 before assignment:
a is 10
b is 20
ob2 before assignment:
a is 0
b is 0
ob1 after assignment:
a is 10
b is 20
ob2 after assignment:
a is 10
b is 20
ob1 after changing ob1:
a is -1
b is -1
ob2 after changing ob1:
a is 10
b is 20</pre>

==Using an empty initializer==

<source lang="cpp">template<typename T>
struct MyType {
MyType() : value_(T()) {
}
explicit MyType(const T& v) : value_(v) {
}
private:
T value_;
};
enum color { black, red, green, blue };
struct point {
int x, y;
};
int main()
{
MyType<int> i;
MyType<color> c;
MyType<bool> b;
MyType<point> p;
}</source>

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