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2010-05-25T14:21:06Z

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2010-05-25T10:24:21Z

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==Demonstrating the generic merge algorithm with an array, a list, and a deque==

<source lang="cpp">

#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
#include <list>
#include <deque>
#include <algorithm> // For merge
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char s[] = "aeiou";
int len = strlen(s);
list<char> list1(&s[0], &s[strlen(s)]);
// Initialize deque1 with 26 copies of the letter x:
deque<char> deque1(26, "x");
// Merge array s and list1, putting result in deque1:
merge(&s[0], &s[len], list1.begin(), list1.end(),deque1.begin());
deque<char>::iterator i;
cout.precision(10);
for (i = deque1.begin(); i != deque1.end(); ++i)
cout << *i << endl;
return 0;
}
/*
a
a
e
e
i
i
o
o
u
u
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
*/

</source>

==Generic merge algorithm: merge parts of an array and a deque, putting the result into a list==

<source lang="cpp">

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cassert>
#include <list>
#include <deque>
#include <algorithm> // For merge
using namespace std;
int main()
{
char s[] = "acegikm";
deque<char> deque1(&s[0], &s[strlen(s)]);
// Initialize list1 with 26 copies of the letter x:
list<char> list1(26, "x");
// Merge first 5 letters in array s with first 10 in
// deque1, putting result in list1:
merge(&s[0], &s[5], deque1.begin(), deque1.begin() + 10,list1.begin());
list<char>::iterator i;
cout.precision(10);
for (i = list1.begin(); i != list1.end(); ++i)
cout << *i << endl;
return 0;
}

/*
a
a
c
c
e
e
g
g
i
i
k
m
S
P
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
*/

</source>

==Merge a vector with deque==

<source lang="cpp">
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
template<class InIter>
void show_range(const char *msg, InIter start, InIter end);
int main()
{
vector<char> v;
deque<char> dq;
list<char> result(26);
list<char>::iterator res_end;
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
v.push_back("A"+i);
}
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
dq.push_back("B"+i);
}
res_end = merge(v.begin(), v.end(),dq.begin(), dq.end(),result.begin());
show_range("Result of merging v with dq:", result.begin(), res_end);
return 0;
}
template<class InIter>
void show_range(const char *msg, InIter start, InIter end) {
InIter itr;
cout << msg << endl;
for(itr = start; itr != end; ++itr)
cout << *itr << endl;
}

</source>

==Merge in place==

<source lang="cpp">
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
template<class InIter>
void show_range(const char *msg, InIter start, InIter end);
int main()
{
vector<char> v;
deque<char> dq;
list<char> result(26);
list<char>::iterator res_end;
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
v.push_back("A"+i);
}
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
dq.push_back("B"+i);
}
vector<char> v2;
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
v2.push_back("B"+i);
}
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
v2.push_back("A"+i);
}
show_range("Original contents of v2:", v2.begin(), v2.end());
return 0;
}
template<class InIter>
void show_range(const char *msg, InIter start, InIter end) {
InIter itr;
cout << msg << endl;
for(itr = start; itr != end; ++itr)
cout << *itr << endl;
}

</source>

==Merge two containers==

<source lang="cpp">

/* The following code example is taken from the book
* "The C++ Standard Library - A Tutorial and Reference"
* by Nicolai M. Josuttis, Addison-Wesley, 1999
*
* (C) Copyright Nicolai M. Josuttis 1999.
* Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this software
* is granted provided this copyright notice appears in all copies.
* This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
* warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
/* PRINT_ELEMENTS()
* - prints optional C-string optcstr followed by
* - all elements of the collection coll
* - separated by spaces
*/
template <class T>
inline void PRINT_ELEMENTS (const T& coll, const char* optcstr="")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout << optcstr;
for (pos=coll.begin(); pos!=coll.end(); ++pos) {
std::cout << *pos << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
/* INSERT_ELEMENTS (collection, first, last)
* - fill values from first to last into the collection
* - NOTE: NO half-open range
*/
template <class T>
inline void INSERT_ELEMENTS (T& coll, int first, int last)
{
for (int i=first; i<=last; ++i) {
coll.insert(coll.end(),i);
}
}
using namespace std;
int main()
{
list<int> coll1;
set<int> coll2;
// fill both collections with some sorted elements
INSERT_ELEMENTS(coll1,1,6);
INSERT_ELEMENTS(coll2,3,8);
PRINT_ELEMENTS(coll1,"coll1: ");
PRINT_ELEMENTS(coll2,"coll2: ");
// print merged sequence
cout << "merged: ";
merge (coll1.begin(), coll1.end(),
coll2.begin(), coll2.end(),
ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout << endl;
}
/*
coll1: 1 2 3 4 5 6
coll2: 3 4 5 6 7 8
merged: 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 8
*/

</source>

==Merge two ranges within a vector==

<source lang="cpp">
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
template<class InIter>
void show_range(const char *msg, InIter start, InIter end);
int main()
{
vector<char> v;
deque<char> dq;
list<char> result(26);
list<char>::iterator res_end;
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
v.push_back("A"+i);
}
for(int i=0; i < 26; i+=2) {
dq.push_back("B"+i);
}
// Merge two ranges within v2.
inplace_merge(v.begin(), v.begin()+13, v.end());
show_range("Contents of v after in-place merge:", v.begin(),v.end());
return 0;
}
template<class InIter>
void show_range(const char *msg, InIter start, InIter end) {
InIter itr;
cout << msg << endl;
for(itr = start; itr != end; ++itr)
cout << *itr << endl;
}

</source>

==sum the ranges by using merge()==

<source lang="cpp">

/* The following code example is taken from the book
* "The C++ Standard Library - A Tutorial and Reference"
* by Nicolai M. Josuttis, Addison-Wesley, 1999
*
* (C) Copyright Nicolai M. Josuttis 1999.
* Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this software
* is granted provided this copyright notice appears in all copies.
* This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
* warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
/* PRINT_ELEMENTS()
* - prints optional C-string optcstr followed by
* - all elements of the collection coll
* - separated by spaces
*/
template <class T>
inline void PRINT_ELEMENTS (const T& coll, const char* optcstr="")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout << optcstr;
for (pos=coll.begin(); pos!=coll.end(); ++pos) {
std::cout << *pos << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
/* INSERT_ELEMENTS (collection, first, last)
* - fill values from first to last into the collection
* - NOTE: NO half-open range
*/
template <class T>
inline void INSERT_ELEMENTS (T& coll, int first, int last)
{
for (int i=first; i<=last; ++i) {
coll.insert(coll.end(),i);
}
}
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int c1[] = { 1, 2, 2, 4, 6, 7, 7, 9 };
int num1 = sizeof(c1) / sizeof(int);
int c2[] = { 2, 2, 2, 3, 6, 6, 8, 9 };
int num2 = sizeof(c2) / sizeof(int);
// print source ranges
cout << "c1: " ;
copy (c1, c1+num1, ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout << endl;
cout << "c2: " ;
copy (c2, c2+num2, ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout << "\n" << endl;
// sum the ranges by using merge()
cout << "merge(): ";
merge (c1, c1+num1, c2, c2+num2, ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
cout << endl;
}
/*
c1: 1 2 2 4 6 7 7 9
c2: 2 2 2 3 6 6 8 9
merge(): 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 6 6 6 7 7 8 9 9
*/

</source>

==Use merge with back_inserter==

<source lang="cpp">

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
int main( ) {
vector<string> v1, v2, v3;
v1.push_back("a");
v1.push_back("c");
v1.push_back("e");
v2.push_back("b");
v2.push_back("d");
v2.push_back("f");
v3.reserve(v1.size( ) + v2.size( ) + 1);
merge(v1.begin( ), v1.end( ),
v2.begin( ), v2.end( ),
back_inserter<vector<string> >(v3));
for(int i=0;i<6;i++){
cout << v3[i];
}
}
/*
abcdef
*/

</source>

==Use std::merge to merge elements in two elements into the third one in sorted order==

<source lang="cpp">

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
int main()
{
int a1[ 5 ] = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 };
int a2[ 5 ] = { 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 };
std::vector< int > v1( a1, a1 + 5 );
std::vector< int > v2( a2, a2 + 5 );
std::ostream_iterator< int > output( cout, " " );
std::copy( v1.begin(), v1.end(), output ); // display vector output
cout << "\n\n";
std::copy( v2.begin(), v2.end(), output ); // display vector output
std::vector< int > results2( v1.size() + v2.size() );
std::merge( v1.begin(), v1.end(), v2.begin(), v2.end(), results2.begin() );

cout << "\n\nAfter merge of v1 and v2 results2 contains:\n";
std::copy( results2.begin(), results2.end(), output );
cout << endl;
return 0;
}
/*
1 3 5 7 9
2 4 5 7 9
After merge of v1 and v2 results2 contains:
1 2 3 4 5 5 7 7 9 9
*/

</source>

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